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Edna O'Brien: scrittrice irlandese - Irlandaonline.com
Edna O’Brien ha esordito con “Le ragazze di campagna” (The country girls, 1960), le cui protagoniste lasciano la provincia per conoscere la vita di Dublino. Gli stessi personaggi compaiono in “La ragazza sola” (The lonely girl, 1962) e “Ragazze nella felicità coniugale” (Girls in their married bliss, 1963). Tra le altre opere di Edna O’Brien (Tuamgraney, Clare, 1932) troviamo “Agosto è un pessimo mese” (August is a wicked month, 1965); “Notte” (Night, 1972), “La casa dello splendido isolamento” (The house of splendid isolation, 1994) incentrato sull’incontro di una vedova solitaria con un terrorista dell’IRA in fuga.
La biografia di Edna O’Brien Nata in un villaggio che più tardi descriverà come “intenso” e “chiuso”, da una madre dal carattere forte che aveva fatto la cameriera a Brooklyn, prima di tornare in Irlanda e metter su famiglia con forti radici cattoliche, Edna O’Brien è la figlia più giovane ed è stata educata dalle suore fino ai 16 anni.
Nel 1950, Edna O’Brien ha preso la licenza di farmacista e nel 1954 si è sposata, nonostante il parere contrario dei suoi, con Ernest Gébler (1914-1998), scrittore e membro del gruppo di artisti che va sotto il nome di Aosdána, dal quale divorzia nel 1964 dopo essersi trasferita a Londra e aver avuto due figli.
Se in Irlanda Edna O’Brien si era formata leggendo autori come Tolstoj, Thackeray, e Francis Scott Fitzgerald, a Londra, dove ha vissuto nella periferia sud-ovest, la scrittrice ha scoperto James Joyce attraverso un libro di Eliot e leggendo, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ha capito che poteva diventare una scrittrice, di matrice autobiografica, ma con esplorazioni dell’universo interiore femminile che vanno oltre la persona singola.
Agli inizi della carriera All’inizio Edna O’Brien ha lavorato come lettrice per Hutchinson (casa editrice), poi le è stato chiesto di scrivere. Il suo primo libro, The Country Girls (1960), scritto in tre mesi, in seguito parte di una trilogia che ne prende il nome e include The Lonely Girl (1962) e Girls in Their Married Bliss (1964), è stato subito proibito in Irlanda per la franchezza con cui fa il ritratto della vita sessuale dei suoi personaggi. Anche per questo, Edna O’Brien si è sottoposta negli anni 1960 alla cura di uno psicologo, Ronald David Laing, che invece di aiutarla a tornare sui binari della brava donna di casa l’aiutò ad aprire altre porte della propria ricerca, spingendola a continuare a scrivere e a farsi portavoce dei problemi delle donne.
Il successivo romanzo di Edna O’Brien A Pagan Place (1970) parla di come si vive l’infanzia in una città repressiva dell’infanzia stessa, e suscita ulteriori disapprovazioni da parte dei suoi parenti, in particolare la madre, la cui reazione alla carriera letteraria della figlia ha procurato diversi dubbi e problemi, ma anche nuove sfide e approfondimenti di ricerca alla scrittrice.
Le opere di Edna O’Brien in teatro Nel 1981, Edna O’Brien ha scritto per il teatro, Virginia (su Virginia Woolf), opera andata in scena in Canada e poi all’Haymarket Theatre di Londra, con un’interpretazione eccellente di Maggie Smith. Andò poi in scena al “The Public Theater” di New York nella primavera del 1985. Altri lavori biografici della O’Brien includono una biografia di Joyce (1999) e Byron in Love (2009, su Lord Byron).
House of Splendid Isolation (1994), è un romanzo sull’Irish National Liberation Army, dove Edna O’Brien in qualche modo si allontana da temi femministi, ai quali ritorna con Down by the River (1996), storia di una ragazzina violentata e costretta ad abortire, per poi scrivere In the Forest (2002) sul caso vero di uno schizofrenico che uccide una donna, il suo bambino di tre anni e un prete. Ha ricevuto molti premi per la sua opera.
Le opere di Edna O’Brien sono comodamente acquistabili direttamente online.
Ragazze di campagna, l’esordio narrativo di Edna O’Brien, fu compiuto nel corso di tre mesi: quando l’autrice era poco più che ventenne, già sposata e con due figli. L’editore inglese che ricevette il manoscritto lo affidò a un celebre autore suo consulente che, nel suo giudizio, tra l’altro ammise: “avrei voluto scriverlo io”. Ragazze di campagna è un racconto vicinissimo alla realtà biografica dell’autrice e mette al centro la storia di due ragazze: la timida e introversa Caithleen e la sua amica Baba , sfrontata e disinibita. Un giorno i genitori decidono di mandarle in un collegio di suore e loro, per tutta risposta, scappano per andare in città in cerca d’amore e di emozioni. Sarà lì che Caithleen si innamorerà dello strano signor Gentleman, un uomo più anziano di lei, sposato e triste. Una storia comune ma che in quel 1960, alla sua apparizione, segnò il destino di una vita e il primo irrevocabile passo nella carriera di una grande scrittrice.
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