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L’Età del Bronzo - Irlandaonline.com
Martinvl, Wikipedia
Gleninsheen Gold Gorget risalente all’Età del Bronzo
La lavorazione dei metalli Dai primi abitanti, dalle costruzione dei megaliti, sono passati altri 2000 anni prima di arrivare all’Età del Bronzo. Una volta scoperti i metalli: bronzo e rame sostituirono ben presto gli ornamenti in pietra e a seguire anche le armi che erano state fabbricate. Siamo ai tempi del debutto della ruota, circa 2200 e 2500 a.C. e anche l’agricoltura subì un graduale miglioramento grazie ai nuovi attrezzi agricoli. In questo periodo iniziarono a circolare in Irlanda dei bicchieri a fondo piatto e ceramiche di terracotta molto probabilmente provenienti dalla vicina Scozia. Ciò che colpì gli studiosi furono le grandi quantità rinvenute di questi oggetti, attribuiti a migranti definiti “Popolo dei Becher”. Gli stessi, forse, che realizzarono in collina i fortini sparsi sull’Isola. Il passaggio dall’età del bronzo all’età del Ferro si ebbe con l’arrivo in Irlanda dei Celti circa tra il 500 e il 300 a.C. Pur non sapendo il momento preciso di questo popolo, ciò che è stato appurato è l’introduzione della civiltà celtica con origini nell’Europa centro-orientale. Molto probabilmente i Celti in questo periodo furono l’unione di più gruppi che dall’età del bronzo si concentrarono sulla lavorazione del ferro. Lo dimostrano le loro spade che si dicesse erano lunghe come il giavellotto, l’antica arma da getto. Il loro ingresso in Irlanda fu decisivo per diffondere e far assimilare alla popolazione la cultura gaelica.
L’introduzione del rame segna la fine dell’era neolitica e, appunto, l’inizio dell’età del bronzo. Un periodo che porta a una svolta da un punto di vista degli arnesi e delle armi. Il bronzo, una miscela di rame e stagno, era molto più durevole e ottimale per realizzare degli oggetti più robusti. In brevissimo tempo, infatti, il bronzo divenne il materiale di riferimento e sostituì completamente tutta la lavorazione della pietra, allora vanto del Neolitico e dell’età della pietra.
L’ornamento prodotto in Irlanda durante l’età del bronzo
Dall'Irlanda dei Celti e dei monaci cristiani alle invasioni dei Vichinghi: il racconto di epiche battaglie e leggendarie imprese.
A differenza di molti Paesi nel mondo, l’Irlanda è stata a lungo disabitata. I primissimi abitanti risalgono tra il 7.000 e il 6.500 a.C.
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